Apparatus for utilizing power from a single prime mover, &amp;c.



No. 763,989. PATENTED JULY 5, 1904.

H. LAUGHLIN, JR. v APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING POWER FROM A SINGLE PRIMEMOVER, IE0.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 5, 1900. I

NO MODEL 5 SH IJETS-SHEETI No. 768,989. PATENTED JULY 5, 1904. I

H. LAUGHLIN, JR- I APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING POWER FROM A SINGLE PRIMEMOVER, 6:0;

APPLICATION FILED MAR 5. 1900.

N0 MODEL.

5 SBEETS-SHEET 2.

gm M: w

'PATENTED JULY 5, 1904.

H. LAUGHLIN, JR. APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING POWER FROM A SINGLE PRIMEMOVER, 8w.

APPLICATION FILED MAR, 5. 1900.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H0 MODEL.

PATENTED JULY 5, 1904.

H. LAUGHLIN, JR. APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING'POWER FROM A SINGLE PRIMEMOVER, &o.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 5. 1900.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

No. 763,989- I v PATBNTED JULY 5, 1904.

H. LAUGHLIN, JR. APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING POWER FROM A SINGLE PRIMEMOVER, &0.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5. 1900.

N0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WMaswa I I UNITED STATES.

Patented July 5, 1904.

PATENT OEEicE.

HOMER LAUGHLIN, JR, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING POWER FROM A SINGLE PRIME IVIOVER, 80o.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 763,989, dated July 5,1904.

Application filed March 5, 1900.

To all Hill/077W it UMLZ/ concern.-

Be it known that I, HOMER LAUGHLIN, J r., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and Stateof California, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for UtilizingPower from a Single Prime Mover Having Continuous Motion in OneDirection, of which the following is a specification.

My invention includes means for applying power from a prime mover havingone direction to intermittently move a load in opposite directions, andalso includes an apparatus in which the power is diverted to other useswhen it is not required for moving the primary load.

It also includes an apparatus in which a plurality of loads may be movedat various or like speeds simultaneously or separately by a single primemover.

My invention is applicable for moving loads vertically, horizontally, orin any intermediate plane. Y

My invention relates to that class of appliances in which the power istransferred through an endless rope moving in one direction and includescertain means for applying said power through the endless rope tointermittently move the load in reverse direction and also to allow orto cause theload to stand still while the rope is moving.

It is customary in endless-rope devices to use one or more ropes,chains, or like appliances, and it is to be understood that in thisspecification I use the word rope as being inclusive of all likeappliances.

My invention is more particularly intended for use with electricallydriven elevators. There are at present several characters of apparatusfor operating elevators by electric prime movers, among which may bementioned apparatus in which the electric motor is reversed in order toreverse the movement of the elevator. In another style of apparatus twomotors are employed in connection with the endless rope, and thedirection in which the load is moved is changed by changing the relativespeeds of the two electric motors. A difficulty which presents itselfwith apparatus of this character arises from a ne- Serial No. 7,406. (Nomodel.)

cessity of slowing down and speeding up one or more electric motors.This requires rheostats of more or less complication, and consequentlymore or less loss of electrical energy.

In my invention I avoid the great loss which is presented in reversingan electric motor, and I also avoid the difliculty of synchronizing twoindependent prime movers, and also do away with any loss from slowingdown and speeding up electric motors in the operation of the elevator.

It is an object of my invention in this connection to positivelyregulate the relative speeds of the loopmembers of the endless ropewithin fixed limits, so that no danger may arise from one member beingstopped while the other continues to move at full speed.

An advantage to be gained by my invention over the endless rope drivenby two motors is that with my invention it is not necessary to connectthe prime mover with both loop members; but by applying the power toeither loop member the apparatus will work, thereby allowing greatlatitude as to the location of the point at which the power may beapplied.

My invention comprises an endless rope formed in two loop members ledaround stationary pulleys in said loop members, respectively, and aroundtwo load-pulleys which are at the dividing bights of said rope,respectively, between said loop members, and connectible anddisconnectible speed-changing means for connecting one loop member tothe other loop member,whereby the speed of one loop member is regulatedby the speed of the other loop member. In carrying out my invention Iprefer to use a pulley in one bight of said rope and fastened to theload to move the same, a pulley in another bight of the endless rope andfastened to the load to move the same, a stationary pulley in a loop ofthe rope between the load-pulleys to take the rope from one side of thefirst load-pulley and pay it to one side of the second load-pulley, astationary pulley arranged in a loop of the rope to take the rope fromthe other side of the second load-pulley and pay it to the other side ofthe first load-pulley, and speed-changing means for connecting one loopmember to the other loop member, whereby the speed of one loop member isregulated by the speed of the other loop member. The speed-changingmeans for connecting said loop members may be variously devised. In someinstances differential means are provided by making some of the pulleysof a different diameter from others of the pulleys and providing meansfor connecting and disconnecting such pulleys with and from each other.If such connecting means change the speed to cause the rope in one loopmember to run faster than the rope in the other loop member, the effectupon the load will be to move it in one or the other direction,depending upon the arrangement of the parts; but if the speed is notchanged by the mechanism which connects the opposite loop members of therope the load will not be moved by the movement of the rope. I thereforepreferably provide three connecting and disconnecting appliances to beindependently operated, one of said appliances being arranged toconserve the speed, while the other two of said appliances are arrangedto cause the one loop member to travel faster than the other, and viceversa. Any number of loops and bights and speed-transforming appliancesor devices may be employed with one endless rope, if desired, for thepurpose of giving a great variety of speeds to the load. Thespeed-conserving device may be of any desirable form.

. My invention includes a power-applying device comprising two pulleysfastened to a load to move the same, stationary pulleys, an endless ropebent around all of said pulleys and divided into two loop members by theloadpulleys, means for driving the rope continuously in one direction,one of the stationary pulleys being of smaller diameter and in adifferent loop member than another of said pulleys, and means forintermittently connecting and disconnecting pulleys of differentdiameters and of different loop members to move the load intermittentlyin one and the other direction. In the simplest mode of application byconnecting pulleys of opposite loop members the load may be made to movein the one direction against the force of gravity, and disconnectingmeans may be employed to disconnect the pulleys, thus to allow the loadto descend responsive to the force of gravity.

My invention further comprises three pairs of pulleys, two of said pairsbeing composed of pulleys of unequal diameters; means for two of saidpairs to connect and disconnect the respective pulleys of such twopairs, respectively, with and from each other; an endless rope connectedwith a prime mover to be driven in one direction and running around allof said pulleys and being around stationary pulleys toward and away fromwhich the load moves and around two pulleys which are fastened to theprimary load and through which the power is finally applied to such loadto move it, the pulleys of each pair being in opposite loop members ofsaid rope.

In carrying out my invention various arrangements of pulleys may beemployed and any desired number of pulleys may be used for directing thecourse or the mode of application of the power. The said loop membersmay each comprise any number of bends of the rope around any number ofpulleys. It is ordinarily desirable that the operator shall have controlover the load not only to move it in either direction at will, but alsoto hold the load stationary while the rope continues to move; and inaccomplishing this purpose my invention includes a pair of pulleys ofone diameter and means for connecting and disconnecting the pulleys ofsaid pair with and from each other. The load may be positively made tomove between stationary pulleys or all the stationary pulleys may belocated'above the load and the power applied only to carry the load uptoward said stationary pulleys, gravity or other force being utilized tomove the load in the opposite direction. The load may be unitary or itmay be divided into two portions, which may be arranged to act ascounterbalances for each other or may be positively connected, so thatwhen the one part moves in one direction the other part will move in theother direction, and vice versa. The power may be applied from the primemover to the rope independently of or through any of the pulleyshereinbefore mentioned.

This invention is applicable to operate a vertical elevator by means ofa single electric motor which has a continuous movement in onedirection. It is not subject to any of the complications and waste ofenergy due to slowing down or stopping an electric motor under full loadnor to rheostatic wasLe, and may be applied to operate a verticalpassenger or freight elevator by a single prime mover, which it ispossible to run continuously at a uniform speed. I do not confinemyself, hoW ever, to running the motor at a uniform speed in anyinstances where it may be deemed desirable to change the speed of themotor or to intermittently start and stop it; nor do 1 limit myself to asystem devoid of rheostats, but I may, without departing from myinvention, use one or more rheostats or any other device or deviceswhich may be considered desirable.

Another object of my invention is to make use of a single prime movermoving continuously in one direction at a high speed to move a load at arelatively low speed without the use of cog-wheels, friction-gear,worm-gear, screw devices, dynamos, or auxiliary motors. This device isapplicable to the independent operation of a plurality of elevators froma single shaft in a satisfactory manner and to independently operate atone or different speeds any desired number of elevators by power whichis all taken from a single shaft ITO which rotates continuously in onedirection, while the stopping and starting of each elevator may beperfectly and independently controlled, each elevator being moved upwardor downward or held stationary at the will of the operator in charge ofsuch elevator.

For the purposes of this description the prime mover may be regarded asincluding any shaft or other suitable element rotated by one or moreelectric motors or by any other means for applying power.

The primary load may be an elevator alone or an elevator and acounterweight or may be any other form of load to be moved to and fro.Any form of accumulator or mechanism operated by a rotating shaft mayconstitute the secondary load. The pulleys which are fastened to saidload to move the same may be applied to either a unitary load or to oneof the parts of a divided load, or one of said pulleys may be fastenedto one of said parts of said divided load and the other pulley fastenedto the other of said parts.

An object of the invention is to make it possible to arrange the partsin such a way that so long as the endless rope does not slip on thepulleys the load will be sustained against the force of gravity withoutthe use of brakes so long as the pulleys of any one of the said pairsare connected with each other.

Another object of my invention is to make it possible to arrange theparts in such a manner that any change of momentum due from increasingor decreasing the load will not affect the distance traveled by the loadduring the process of stopping the samethat is to say, in all theelevators that l have heretofore observed an automatic stop of uniformpower would have been impossible of satisfactory operation, because ifthe brakes were applied in exactly the same manner under different loadsthe various momentums would prevent the brake from stopping the variousloads at a uniform point. By my invention the use of an automatic stopis made practicable, though I have not attempted to show such a stop inthe drawings.

Another object of my invention is to avoid as far as possible the strainand wear and constant weakening of the rope which occurs in apparatus ofthis kind as heretofore constructed. I accomplish this object bycarrying the rope around the pulleys in such a manner that it is bentonly toward one side and never toward the other side of the structure ofthe rope. It is to be understood, however, that I do not limit myself tothe particular arrangements of the rope by which I gain this advantage,and it would not be a departure from my invention in other particularsto arrange the rope so that the fiexure would be toward and from two ormore sides of the structure of the rope.

Another object of my invention is to provide a superior elevatorconstruction which is within the capacity of ordinary machineshopswithout the use of special patterns or tools and to enable the apparatusto be operated by any character of electrical or other form of motorwithout any special adaptation of the same to such use.

In my invention I have made provision for a minimum torque of the motorin starting the same into operation. The movement of the load is whollydependent upon the connection and disconnection of parts of themechanism, which may be allowed to run freely continuously withoutmoving the load, so that the motor and all of the operative parts may bebrought to a full speed before the load is moved, and therefore themomentum of the moving parts is utilized to move the load.

In the practical operation of the invention a large part of the power isconserved by the momentum of the parts, which continue to move while theload is being brought to and held at a standstill, and such energy isagain applied when the load is again moved. My invent-ion thereforeenables me to use amotor of less torque than would otherwise be requiredfor a given load. It also enables me to control the electric motor bythe simplest known means for that purpose.

An object of my invention is to provide means for conserving the powerof the continuously-moving motor by diverting the same from the elevatoror other load-moving system to operate other machinery or to store thepower in accumulators whenever it is not being applied for moving theelevator or other load of the main system. This is of especialimportance in elevator systems having a plurality of elevators which arebeing intermittently run, and I prefer to combine with such system anindependent power-transmitting means for each of the elevators of thesystem and to provide means for connecting the independentpower-transmitting means with the power when the elevator-car is stoppedand to disconnect such means from such power when the elevator-car isbeing moved. By this means I constantly provide for the m0- tors a loadwhich approximates their load of maximum efficiency.

The independent means for utilizing the power of the motor when the loadis standing still may be applied to take the power from any of thecontinuously-moving parts.

The power which drives the endless rope may be applied to such rope atany point by any suitable means and may be transferred from the endlessrope to the load by many different arrangements of my invention, whichis capable of application in a great multiplicity of forms. It would beimpracticable to illustrate all of these forms in this application.

I will now describe the invention as applied in several of the modes oftaking the power from the endless rope.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention in some of the modesof its application.

Figure I is a fragmental elevation of a system of elevators embodying myinvention in a form in which each counterweight is moved positivelybetween two pairs of fixed pulleys, and therefore independently of theforce of gravity, and is connected with the elevatorcar by a roperunning over a sustaining-pulley. Fig. II is a fragmental perspectiveview of asingle elevator of this character constructed in accordancewith my invention. Fig. III is a fragmental elevation of the elevatorshown in Fig. II viewed from the right side of said Fig. II. Fig. IV isa plan on line IV IV of the counterweight shown in Figs. II and III.Fig. V is a detail view showing the course of the endless rope over thepulleys for any of the elevators shown in the preceding views. Fig. VIis a detail view to illustrate an arrangement of the parts for carryingout my invention in a simple form in which the load. is in two parts,one of which is moved in one direction by power applied through theendless rope and in the opposite direction by the force of gravity, themovement of the two parts of the load being complementary of each other.Fig. VII is a detail view to illustrate one construction of my inventionas applied with pulleys of varying diameters. Fig. VIII is a detail viewshowing my invention as applied for moving the load at various speeds.Fig. IX is a detail view illustrating another method of applying myinvention, in which the load may be positively moved to and fro bydifl'erential means. Abrake is shown for holding the load when thedifferential pulleys are disconnected. Fig. X is a fragmental detailillustrating another one of the many forms in which my invention may beapplied. Fig. XI is a plan of the form of apparatus shown in Fig. X.

In Fig. I, a to indicate two electric motors, which may be separately orsynchronously operated to drive a shaft 6. In this instance the primemover may be said to be constituted of either or both of the motors a a,together with shaft 7).

0 c 0 indicate three elevator-cars of an elevator system.

0 0 c indicate counterweights for the elevator-cars, respectively. Foreach of the elevators three pairs, 1 2 3, of stationary pulleys areprovided, two of said pairsviz., 2 and 3--being composed of pulleys ofunequal diameters-that is to say, the pair 1 is shown composed ofpulleys (Z g of equal diameters, and the pair 2 is composed of pulleys aIt of unequal diameters, and the pair 3 is composed of pulleys i it ofunequal diameters.

f indicate pulleys fastened to the load to move the same. In the formillustrated in Fig. I each load is divided into two parts viz., the car,as at 0, and the counterweight, as at G -and the pulleys f j are shownattached to the counterweight 0 one above and the other below thecounterweight. Means are provided for two of said pairs of pulleys toconnect and disconnect the respective pul leys of such two pairs,respectively, with and from each other. Such means may be any of many ofthe forms of cut-off couplings or other devices for connecting anddisconnecting rotary parts. I contemplate using magnetic clutches ofstandard i'nanufacture for this purpose in preference to any other formof connecting and disconnecting devices with which I am acquainted.

In the drawings, m indicates a cut-01f coupling for the one pair ofpulleys, and m indicates a cut-off coupling for another pair of pulleys.In constructions designed for stepping the load while the motorcontinues to run the pulleys of one of the-three pairs of pulleys aremade of one diameter, as exemplified in the case of the first pair ofpulleys (Z and 5], (shown in Figs. 1, II, III, and V,) and are providedwith a cut-off coupling, as indi cated at m.

02. indicates the endless rope through which the power is applied fromthe prime mover to move the load. In the form shown in Fig. l the pulley(Z is fastened to the shaft 7) to rotate therewith, and the endless ropea runs around all of the pulleys of the pairs 1 28, and around theload-pulleys f and f. In this case the counterweight plays between upperand lower stationary pulleys.

In Fig. I, (Z (Z (Z indicate the driving-pulleys for the threeelevator-cars 0 c 0, respectively. All of these driving-pulleys arefastened to and rotate with the shaft 7), which is driven by either orboth the motors a a.

The arrangement of the rope is the same in Figs. I, II, and III, inwhich the planes of rotation of the several pulleys are parallel witheach other. This arrangement will be clearly understood by reference tothe diagrammatic view in Fig. V, where it will be seen that the endlessrope a is bent around the drivingpulley (Z and led from the near side ofsaid IIC pulley to the near side of the pulley 0, around which it isbent to the far side and thence led back to the far side of the pulley(Z and again around said pulley (Z to the near side and thence led tothe near side of pulleyf, around which it is bent to the far side andthence led to the far side of pulley g, around which it is bent to thenear side and thence led to the near side of pulley lb, around which itis bent to the far side and thence again led to the far side of thepulley 9, around which it is bent to the near side and thence led to thenear side of the pulley 6, around which it is bent to the far side andthence led to the far side of the pulley 7', around which it is bent tothe near side and thence led to the near side of the pulley 70, aroundwhich it is bent to the far side and thence led to the far side of thepulley (Z, around which it is bent-to the point of starting. By thisarrangement the bending of the rope is always in one direction from itsaxis, so that the rope is never flexed in opposite directions from itsaxis. By this means I avoid more than one-half of the destructive straindue to flexure which would arise if in bending around the pulleys therope were flexed in opposite directions.

In the form shown in Figs. I, II, and III the elevator-cage is connectedwith the counterweight 0 by a rope 0, which passes over asustaining-pulley 2, so that the movement of the car, cage, or platformis dependent on that of the counterweight.

In elevators or other apparatus where the power is intermittentlyapplied for moving the load I prefer to provide independentpower-transmitting means and to connect the same with anaccumulatorsuch, for instance, as the accumulator for a hydraulicelevator.

In Figs. I and III, q and 9 indicate a shaft independent of the shafts band provided with means 9* 'r by which to communicate power to theaccumulator s. Clutches 2? t are arranged to connect and disconnect theshafts g and q with and from the shaft 5. This means for communicatingpower to an accumulator may be a pulley, as 9" in Fig. I, a pump, as 1'in Fig. III, or any other practical appliance for the purpose, and theaccumulator may be of any requisite character.

Forconvenience of illustration I have indicated electromagnetic clutchesthroughout Figs. 1, II, and III. it indicates a switch for the electriccircuits '0, which may be arranged either in series or parallel foroperating the clutch t of the shafts b and q q synchronously with one ormore of the clutches m m 911.", so that when the load is caused to standstationary the power will be diverted to shaft q, where it may be usedfor other purposes, and vice versa.

In Figs. I and III the electrical circuit '0 is shown for connecting anddisconnecting the clutches m, m, and m, and it is to be understood thatin practical operation the same, together with said clutches m, m, and mand the rope, serve as operative mechanism for simultaneously connectingthe driving-pulley (Z with one take-up pulley h and disconnecting itfrom another pulley e' of different diameter. The clutches m and 2. arearranged to clutch on an open circuit, and clutches m and m are arrangedto clutch, respectively, on two closed circuits, so that when m isclutched m, m, and 23 will simultaneously be unclutched and when m isclutched m m t will be unclutched, but when m and m" are unclutched mand i will be clutched.

From the nature of the view the electrical circuit and the independentpower-transmit ting means do not appear in Fig. II, but are to beunderstood from Fig. III.

Any suitable tension device may be em ployed to compensate for anyelongation or this illustration is assumed to be fixed to the shaft andto rotate therewith. k is a loose pulley on the shaft, and m a clutchdevice to connect and disconnect the pulley 10 with and from the pulleyThe clutch device is not illustrated in detail, as any of many forms ofclutch devices may be applied for this purpose by any mechanic skilledin the art. In this view the load is divided into a heavier portion 0and a lighter portion c 1' indicates a load-pulley fastened to theheavier portion, and f a load-pulley fastened to the lighter portion, ofthe load. 17 indicates the endless rope continuously driven by thepulley in the direction of the arrow. It is not to be lost sight of,however, that it is immaterial to this invention whether the power fordriving the rope beapplied through the pulley 2' or through some othermeans, the primary purpose of these pulleys and the connecting anddisconnecting device being to cause one portion of the rope to governthe speed of another portion.

For convenience of description the pulleys 2' and k are said to be intwo loop members 14 and 15, respectively, of the rope, and theload-pulleys f and are said to be in two bights 16 and 17 of the rope.When the pulley 70 is connected with the pulley t the friction of theloop member 15 upon the pulley A? will prevent the rope in said loopmember from running at as high speed as the rope in the loop member 141,so that the pulleyvl will take up the rope from the bight 17 and pay itto the bight 16 more rapidly than the pulley 75 will take the rope upfrom the bight 16 and pay it to the bight 17. This shortens the bight 17and lengthens the bight 16, causing the load 0 to ascend while the load0 descends. By disconnecting the pulley If, so that it will revolvefreely upon the shaft 6 the rope in the loop member 15 will thus beallowed to respond to the excess of weight in c and to run faster overthe pulley than the rope in the loop member 14: is being carried by thepulley 2, thus lengthening the bight 17 and shortening the bight 16, andthereby raising the counterweight 0 In the form shown in Fig. VII, 0indicates a motor with shaft 6 constituting the prime mover for applyingpower to the endless rope n" through the stationary pulley 11". is"indicates another stationary pulley, around which the endless rope isbent. f and indicate the two load-pulleys dividing the endless rope intothe two loop members 14 and 15. 18 and 18 indicate twosustaining-pulleys. The loop member 14 runs around the pulleys and 18.The loop 15 runs around pulley k and 18. m indicates Evans cones, whichconstitute suitable speed changing and conserving means for regulatingthe relative speeds of the loop members, which are bent around thepulley 2 and the pulley 7;, respectively. By means of the Evans conesthe relative rates of rotation of the pulleys if and 711 can beappropriately changed. \Vhen the belt of the cones is adjusted to causethe pulley 77: to rotate at a higher speed than the pulley 5'", thepulley Z1 will take up the rope from the bight 16 and pay it out to thebight 17 faster than the pulley 2' will take the rope from the bight 17and pay it to the bight 16, and consequently the bight 16 will beshortened and the bight 17 correspondingly lengthened, so that the load0 will rise.

l/Vhen the belt 20 is adjusted to cause the pulleys vi and k to rotateat the same speed, the rope will be taken up from one bight and paid outto the other bight at the same speed, and the load willtherefore be heldstationary.

W hen the belt 20 is adjusted to cause the pulley 2' to run at a higherspeed than the pulley is", the bight 17 will be shortened and the bight16 lengthened, thus causing the load to descend. It is to be understoodthat I do not limit my invention by applying the power to the ropethrough pulley '21" only, but that, as in the other forms, the power maybe applied to the rope at any point by any other suitable means as wellas by those shown. For example, the power might, if desired, be appliedthrough pulley if or through either of the pulleys 18 or 18.

In the form shown in Fig. VIII, 5* represents the shaft of the primemover. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 indicate pulleys. 31 32 33 34 35 36 3738 39 indicate connecting and disconnecting means for said pulleys,respectively, to connect them with and disconnect them from one another,as required for the purpose of producing a variety of relative speedsbetween the respective loop members 14 and 15. The rope 92/ passes overthe sustaining-pulleys 18 and 18. 41 42 44 45 47 48 indicate idlers fordirecting the rope. The load-pulley j carries one portion 0" of theload, and the load-pulley f carries the other portionof the load 0. Thepulleys 26 and 27 are in different loop members and are of one diameter,and the pulleys 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, and 29 are of diameters differenttherefrom and different from each other. The pulleys 21 22 23 27 28 29are in the loop member 15 of the rope, and pulleys 24 25 26 are in theloop member 14 of the rope. When any one of the pulleys 21 22 23 27 2829 is connected to rotate synchronously with any one of the pulleys 2425 26, the speeds of the loops 14 and 15 will be positively controlledthe one by the other. For instance, if the pulleys 26 and 27 areconnected with each other through their respective connecting anddisconnecting means and the shaft I) the portions of the rope in theloops 14 and 15 will move at one speed and the lengths of the bights 16and 17 will remain unchanged; but when the pulley 21 is connected withthe pulley 24, all the other pulleys being loose to rotate freely, therope traveling in the direction of the arrow, the pulley 21 will pay outthe rope from bight 17 to bight 16 slower than the pulley 24 will payout the rope from bight 16 to bight 17, and this will cause the pulley fand the weight 0" to rise, while the pulley j and its load 0* willdescend. To give a higher speed to the load, the pulley 21 may bedisconnected from the pulley 24 and connected with the pulley 25. Tostill increase the speed, it may be disconnected from pulley 25 andconnected with the pulley 26. The relative speeds may be changed withgreat variety by appropriately connecting any one of the pulleys whichcontrols one loop with any one of the pulleys which controls the otherloop, only two pulleysone in each loop member-being connected throughthe shaft at the same time.

It is to be understood that the power for driving the endless rope maybe applied to such rope through the shaft 6* or that it may be appliedto the rope at any point through any suitable means. (Not shown.)

In the form shown in Fig. 1X the load o is provided on opposite sideswith load-pulleys and f, which divide the endless rope of into the twoloop members 14 15. loop member 15 is led around a pulley 7: and arounda pulley a and the loop member 14 is led around a pulley if and around apulley Means m are provided for connecting and disconnecting the pulleye and the pulley 75 with and from each other, and means of are providedfor connecting and disconnect' ing the pulley 27 and the pulley 73 withand from each other. When the pulleys z" and are connected with eachother, the pulleys a being disconnected from each other and the endlessrope running in the direction of the arrow, the bight 16 will beshortened and the bight 17 lengthened, thus raising the load. 0 i/Vhenthe pulleys 2' 7: are disconnected and the pulleys e and 725' areconnected with each other, the bight 16 will lengthen and the bight 17will shorten, thus lowering the load 0. The parts 0 p, 51, 52,- and 53indicate mechanism for holding the load stationary when the connectingdevices m m are disconnected, so that the load may be intermittentlystopped regardless of the movement of the endless rope. Of these parts0" indicates a brake-rope fastened to the load 0". This rope runs overpulleys p and 53. 52 indicates a brake to be applied to the pulley 51,which is fastened to and rotates with the pulley p, which is driven bythe brake-rope 0 When the clutches m of are disconnected and the brakeis applied, the brake-rope 0 and the load are held stationary.

In Figs. X and XI, Ihave shown an arrange- The ment of pulleys, ropes,and connecting and disconnecting devices by means of which theelevator-car 0 can at will be raised, lowered, and held stationary bythe simple connecting and disconnecting of appropriate clutches. Inthese two views all of the controlling-pulleys are shown arrangedoverhead. The car 0 is connected with the counterweight c by the rope 0,which passes over the sustainingpulley 1) after the manner ofarrangement shown in Figs. I, II, III, and V. a indicates the motor todrive a pulley a The endless rope n is bent around the pulley a? and isled thence to the near side of the pulley i, around which it is bent tothe far side, and thence to the far side of the pulley a", around whichit is bent to the near side and led thence again to the near side of thepulley r, around which it is bent to the far side and led thence to thefar side of the load-pulley f, around which it is bent to the near sideand led thence in the direction of the triple-barbed arrow to the nearside of the pulley 7: over which it is led to the top of the pulley 6,around which it is bent to the lower side and led thence to the lowerside of pulley A, around which it is bent to the upper side and ledthence again to the top of pulley 6, over which it is bent and ledthence to the far side of the pulley (Z6, around which it is bent to thenear side and led thence to the near side of pulley 0, around which itis bent to the far side and led thence to the far side of theload-pulley j, around which it is bent to the near side and led thenceto the near side of pulley it, around which it is bent to the far sideand led thence to the far side of pulley g, under which it is bent andled to the under side of the drivingpulley a7 and to the place ofbeginning.

6 indicates the motor-shaft. In this form the pulleys cl and g are ofone diameter. The pulleys c and it are of different diameters, and thepulleys d and 7c are of different diameters. Means are provided forconnecting the pulleys (Z and g together. Other means are provided forconnecting the pulleys e and 72 together, and other means are providedfor connecting the pulleys 11 and k together. For convenience ofillustration I have shown the pulleys (Z 0, and k as mounted upon hollowshafts 80, 81, and 82, and pulleys g, it, and 2' as mounted upon shafts83 84: 85, respectively, which pass through the said hollow shafts 80,81, and 82, respectively, and friction-clutches m? m m are mounted onthe ends of the shafts 80, 81, and 82, respectively, to connect anddisconnect them, respectively, with and from each other. From the natureof the views hollow shaft 80, which is like shaft 81, is not shown; butits location is indicated by the arrow leading from the character inFigs. X and XI. The load-pulleysf j, as in the other instances describedby the other views, divide the endless rope 12, into the two loopmembers 14 and 15. The

pulleys CZ, e", and 7" are all in the loop member 14, and the pulleys g,71, v1, and a are all in the loop 15.

WVhen the pulleys 6 and g, which are of one diameter, are connected torotate synchronously, the other pulleys being free to rotateindependently of each other, the speed of the two loop members 14 and 15will be the same and the load will remain stationary. When the pulleys aand it, which are of different diameters, are connected to rotatesynchronously and the other pulleys are free to rotate independently,the endless rope will be taken from the bight 17 and paid to the bight16 faster than it will be taken from the bight 16 and paid to the bight17 thereby lengthening the bight 16 and shortening the bight 17 andallowing the car -to descend while the counterweight c is drawn up.

IVhen the pulleys v1 and k, which are of different diameters, areconnected to rotate synchronously, the other pulleys being free torotate independently and the endless rope moving in the directionindicated by the arrows, the endless rope will be taken from the bight16 and paid to the bight 17 faster .than it will be taken from the bight17 and paid to the bight 16, thereby shortening the bight 16 andlengthening the bight 17. causing the elevator-car c to be raised andallowing the counterweight 0 to descend.

It is to be observed that when the limb of one bight 16 or 17 of theendless rope is connected with the other limb of such bight to take upthe rope faster from that limb of the bight which is running from theload-pulley of that bight than it pays the rope to the limb which runstoward such load-pulley the bight will be shortened, and vice versa.

The counterweight or load device (shown in Figs. I, II, III, and IV) isprovided with runners and 91 for the tracks or way 92 93 of the elevatorstructure. The load-pulley is between the planes of said runners, andthe endless rope passes on opposite sides of the load-pulley, betweensuch pulley and the faces of the tracks 92 93, respectively. 91 95indicate openings through the counterweight load device to allow theendless rope n to pass on its'way from and to the stationary pulleysabove and below. By this construction and arrangement I secure superiorcompactness and am able to use smaller stationary pulleys than wouldotherwise be possible.

The practical operation of the apparatus shown in Figs. I to V,inclusive is substantially as follows: Assuming that the motors a a arerotating and driving the shaft Z) and that the driving-pulleys (Z arefastened to such shaft and that the clutch m is connecting the pulley gwith the pulley (Z and that the clutches m and m are disconnected, thusallowing the pulleys e and it and hand 2' to run freely, then the car 0will remain stationary while the rope n continues to run, because theconnection between the two loops of the rope which are around pulleys (Zand g, respectively, are driven at the same speed, for the reason thatthe pulleys (Z and g are of the same diameter and arerotatingsynchronously. At the same time the clutches in are connectedthe clutch 16 will be connected, so as to drive the secondary loadindicated by the pump '1' and the accumulator-tank 8. Upon disconnectingthe clutch t and the clutch m and connecting the clutch m", therebyconnecting the pulleysvl and Z', while the other pulleys are free toretate, being driven by pulley (Z, the counterweight s, a, or as thecase may be, will descend, thereby causing the car to ascend by reasonof the pulley '7': winding the rope up from the pulley 7' at a slowerrate than the rope is being paid out to the pulley by the pulley 2'. 1fthe clutch m be now disconnected, either the car can be brought to astandstill and held stationary again by the connection of the clutch mor the clutch m may be connected while the other pulleys are free torotate, thereby causing the counterweight 0 0 0, as the case may be, toascend while the car descends by reason of the pulley a unwinding therope to the pulley f faster than the rope is being taken up from pulleyf by the pulley h.

In Fig. I, 9" represents the secondary load, the same beingclutch-pulleys for driving any form of mechanism.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. A device for applying power to intermittently move a load, comprisingan endless rope formed in two loop members led around stationary pulleysin said loop members, respectively, and around two load-pulleys whichare at the dividing bights, respectively, between said loop members;said stationary pulleys and load-pulleys and connectible anddisconiiiectilole speed'changing means for connecting one loop member tothe other loop member 1 whereby the speed of one loop member is regtrlated by the speed of the other loop member.-

2. A device for applying power to intermittentlymove a load, comprisingan endless rope formed in two loop members led around stationary pulleysin said loop members, respectively, and around two load-pulleys whichare at the dividing bights, respectively, between said loop members;said stationary pulleys and load-pulleys and connectible anddisconnectible speed changing and conserving means connecting one loopmember to the other loop member whereby the speed of one loop memiber isregulated by the speed of the other 1001) member.

'3. in a device for applying power to inter mittenitly move a load, andincluding an end less rope and means for driving said rope con tinuouslyin one direction; the combination with said rope, of a pulley in onebight of said rope and fastened to the load to move the same; a pulleyin another bight of the rope and fastened to the load to move the same;a stationary pulley in a loop member of the rope between theload-pulleys to take the rope from one side of the first load-pulley andpay it to one side of the second load-pulley; a stationary pulley in aloop member of the rope to take the rope from the other side of thesecond load-pulley and pay it to the other side of the firstload-pulley; and connectible and disconnectible speed-changing means forconnecting one loop member to the other loop member whereby the speed ofone loop member is regulated by the speed of the other loop member.

4. Inadevice for applying continuous power of one direction, tointermittently move a load; the combination of an endless rope; meansfor driving said rope continuously in one direction; a pulley in onebight of said rope and fastened to the load to move the same; a pulleyin another bight of the rope and fastened to the load to move the same;a sta* tionary pulley in a loop member of the rope between theload-pulleys to take the rope from one side of the first load-pulley andpay it to one side of the second load-pulley; a stationary pulley in aloop member of the rope to take the rope from the other side of thesecond load-pulley and pay it to the other side of the firstload-pulley; and connectible anddisconnectible differential means forconnecting one loop member to the other loop member.

5. Apower-applyingdevice comprising two pulleys fastened to a load tomove the same; two stationary pulleys; an endless rope bent around allof said pulleys; means for driving the rope continuously in onedirection; some of said pulleys being of smaller diameter than others ofsaid pulleys; means for intermittently connecting a pulley of onediameter to a pulley of another diameter to move the load in onedirection; and means for causing the iced. to move in the otherdirection.

6,. Means for applying power from aprime mover ha ing one direction, tomovea load intermittently in opposite directions; compriss three pairsof p llers two of said pairs being composed ofpulleys of unequal dianec;ters; means for two of said pairsfto connect and disconnect therespective pulleys of such two pairs, respectively with and from caghother; and an endless rope connected with the prime mover to be drivenin one direction, and

running around all of said pulleys, and being around stationary pulleystoward and away from which the primary load moves, and around pulleyswhich are fastened to the primary load to be driven, and which form twoloop members, which are respectively bent around opposite pulleys ofsaid pairs of pulleys, respect vely,

' 7. Means for annlyi s iower lre n nriine mover having one dir ti n, tm r l a a termitten-tly in oppo i di ect ns compris:

ing two pairs of pulleys, each of said pairs being composed of pulleysof unequal diameters; means to connect and disconnect the respectivepulleys of such two pairs, respectively, with and from each other; twopulleys fastened to the load to be driven; and an endless rope connectedwith a prime mover to be driven in one direction and running around allof said pulleys and being formed by said loadpulleys in two loops whichare respectively bent around the opposite pulleys of said pairs ofpulleys, and being around stationary pulleys toward and away from whichthe load moves.

8. Means for applying power from a prime mover having one direction, tomove a load intermittently and to allow the load to remain stationarywhile the prime mover continues to run; comprising three pairs ofstationary pulleys, two of said pairs being composed of pulleys ofunequal diameters; means for connecting and disconnecting the respectivepulleys of each of the pairs, respectively, with and from each other;and an endless rope connected with a prime mover to be driven in onedirection and running around all of said pulleys and being around twopulleys which are fastened to the primary load, and which form theendless rope in two loop members, one of which is bent around one andthe other around the other of the pulleys of the pairs respectively.

9. In a power-applying device including an endless rope and means fordriving said rope continuously in one direction; the combination withsaid rope, of two pulleys fastened to a load to move the same;stationary pulleys; said endless rope being bent into loop members andled around all of said pulleys and one of said stationary pulleys beingin one loop member and of smaller diameter than another of saidstationary pulleys which is in any other loop member; and connectibleand disconnectible means for intermittently connecting the stationarypulley of one diameter to the stationary pulley of another diameter tomove the load in one direction, and to allow it to move in the otherdirection.

10. In a power-applying device, including an endless rope and means fordriving said rope continuously in one direction; the combination withsaid rope, of two pulleys fastened to a load to move the same;stationary pulleys; said endless rope being bent around all of saidpulleys and one of said stationary pulleys being of smaller diameterthan another of said stationary pulleys; connectible and disconnectiblemeans for intermittently -connecting a stationary pulley of one diameterto a stationary pulley of another diameter to move the load in onedirection; and means for causing the load to move in the otherdirection.

11. In a device for transmitting continuous po wer of one direction tointermittently move a load in opposite directions; the combination of aplurality of take-up pulleys, one of which is of a diameter differentfrom that of another of said pulleys; a driving-pulley; aload to bemoved; two pulleys fastened to the movable load; an endless rope runningaround all of said pulleys; and operative mechanism to simultaneouslyconnect the driving-pulley with one and disconnect it from the other ofthe take-up pulleys which have difi'erent diameters; and vice versa.

12. A system for utilizing power from a single prime mover, havingcontinuous motion in one direction, to move a load intermittently inopposite directions and to allow the load to remain stationary while theprime mover continues to run; comprising the prime mover, three pairs ofstationary pulleys, two of said pairs being composed of pulleys ofunequal diameters; and the other pair being of one diameter, means forconnecting and disconnecting the respective pulleys of each of thepairs, respectively, with and from each other; an endless rope connectedwith a prime mover to be driven in one direction and running around allof said pulleys and being around two pulleys which are fastened to theprimary load; independent power transmitting means; a device forconnecting and disconnecting such independent power-transmitting meanswith and from the prime mover; and means for simultaneously operatingsuch device and said means for connecting and disconnecting the saidpair of pulleys of one diameter.

13. In means for applying power from a prime mover having one direction,to move a load intermittently in opposite directions; the combination ofthree pairs of stationary pulleys, two of said pairs being composed ofpulleys of unequal diameters; means for two of said pairs to connect anddisconnect the respective pulleys of such two pairs, respectively, withand from each other; and an endless rope connected with a prime mover tobe driven in one direction, and running around all of said pulleys, andbeing around stationary pulleys toward and away-from which the primaryload moves and around pulleys which are fastened to the primary load tobe driven, and being bent toward one side only of its axis.

14. A device for applying continuous power of one direction, tointermittently move a load; provided with pulleys fastened to the loadto move the same; stationary pulleys; speed changing and conservingpower-transmitting means substantially as set forth; and a rope benttoward one side only of its axis and running around said pulleys andoperatively connected with said speed changing and conservingpower-transmitting means substantially as set forth.

15. In a power transmitting device, the combination ofa track or way; aload device provided with runners for said track or way;

a pulley between the planes of said runners; stationary pulleys atopposite ends of the track or way; and an endless rope bent around thepulleys and passing on opposite sides of the load-pulley between suchpulley and the faces of the tracks, respectively.

16. A system for moving a plurality of loads, comprising a power-shaft;a plurality of driving-pulleys fixed on the shaft; a plurality ofdevices for applying power to intermittently move the said plurality ofloads, respectively, each comprising an endless rope formed in two loopmembers led around stationary pulleys in said loop members,respectively, and around two load-pulleys which are at the dividingbights, respectively, between the said loop members; and conneetible anddisconnectible speed-changing means for said ropes respectively, eachbeing arranged to transmit power from one loop member of its rope to theother loop member of its rope to control the relative speeds of saidloop members.

17. A device for applying power to intermittently move a load,comprising an endless rope formed in two loop members led aroundstationary pulleys in said loop members, re spectively, and around twoload-pulleys which are at the dividing bights, respectively, betweensaid loop members; said stationary pulleys and load-pulleys; and pulleysof varying diameters for connecting one loop member to the other loopmember whereby the speed of one loop member is regulated by the speed ofthe other loop member.

18. A system for utilizing power from a single prime mover havingcontinuous motion in one direction, to move a load intermittently inopposite directions and allow the load to remain stationary while theprime mover continues to run; comprising the prime mover; a pair ofstationary pulleys the same being composed of pulleys of unequaldiameter; means for connecting and disconnecting respective pulleys ofthe said pair, respectively, with and from each other; an endless ropeconnected with the prime mover to be driven in one direction, andrunning around all of said pulleys and being around two pulleys whichare fastened to the primary load; independent powertransmitting means; adevice for connecting and disconnecting such independentpowertransmitting means with and from the prime mover; and means forsimultaneously operating such device and said means for connecting anddisconnecting the said pairs of pulleys of one diameter.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specifieation,in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, at Los Angeles, California, this27th day of February, 1900.

HOMER LAUGHLIN, JR.

W itnesses JAMES R. TOWNSEND,

FRANCIS M. TOWNSEND.

